Civil Engineering: Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment. Many civil engineers work in design, construction, research, and education. Duties Civil engineers typically do the following: Analyze survey reports, maps, and other data to plan projects Consider construction costs, government regulations, potential environmental hazards, and other factors in planning stages and risk analysis Compile and submit permit applications to local, state, and federal agencies verifying that projects comply with various regulations Perform or oversee soil testing to determine the adequacy and strength of foundations Test building materials, such as concrete, asphalt, or steel, for use in particular projects Provide cost estimates for materials, equipment, or labor to determine a project's economic feasibility Use design software to plan and design transportation systems, hydraulic systems, and structures in line with industry and government standards Perform or oversee, surveying operations to establish reference points, grades, and elevations to guide construction Present their findings to the public on topics such as bid proposals, environmental impact statements, or property descriptions Manage the repair, maintenance, and replacement of public and private infrastructure Many civil engineers hold supervisory or administrative positions ranging from supervisor of a construction site to city engineer. Others work in design, construction, research, and teaching. Civil engineers work with others on projects and may be assisted by civil engineering technicians. The federal government employs civil engineers to do many of the same things done in private industry, except that the federally employed civil engineers may also inspect projects to be sure that they comply with regulations. Civil engineers work on complex projects, so they usually specialize in one of several areas. Construction engineers manage construction projects, ensuring that they are scheduled and built in accordance with the plans and specifications. They are typically responsible for design and safety of temporary structures used during construction. Geo technical engineers work to make sure that foundations are solid. They focus on how structures built by civil engineers, such as buildings and tunnels, interact with the earth (including soil and rock). In addition, they design and plan for slopes, retaining walls, and tunnels. Structural engineers design and assess major projects, such as buildings, bridges, or dams, to ensure their strength and durability. Transportation engineers plan, design, operate, and maintain everyday systems, such as streets and highways, but they also plan larger projects, such as airports, ports, mass transit systems, and harbors. Work Environment [About this section] [To Top] Civil engineers held about 272,900 jobs in 2012. Civil engineers generally work indoors in offices. However, they sometimes spend time outdoors at construction sites so they can monitor operations or solve problems at the site. Occasionally, civil engineers travel abroad to work on large engineering projects in other countries. The industries that employed the most civil engineers in 2012 were: Architectural, engineering, and related services 50% State government, excluding education and hospitals 13 Local government, excluding education and hospitals 11 Nonresidential building construction 5 Federal government, excluding postal service 4 Important Qualities Decision-making skills. Civil engineers often balance multiple and frequently conflicting objectives, such as determining the feasibility of plans with regard to financial costs and safety concerns. Urban and regional planners often look to civil engineers for advice on these issues. Leadership skills. Civil engineers take ultimate responsibility for the projects or research that they perform. Therefore, they must be able to lead surveyors, construction managers, civil engineering technicians, and others to implement their project plan. Math skills. Civil engineers use the principles of calculus, trigonometry, and other advanced topics in mathematics for analysis, design, and troubleshooting in their work. Organizational skills. Only licensed civil engineers can sign the design documents for infrastructure projects. This makes it imperative that civil engineers be able to monitor and evaluate the work at the job site as a project progresses to assure compliance with design documents. Problem-solving skills. Civil engineers work at the highest level of planning, design, construction, and operation of multi-faceted projects or research with many variables that require the ability to evaluate and resolve complex problems. Writing skills. Civil engineers must be able to communicate with other professionals, such as architects, landscape architects, and urban and regional planners. This means that civil engineers must be able to write reports clearly so that people without an engineering background can follow.কর্মক্ষেত্রঃ ফ্যাসালিটিজ ডিপার্টমেন্ট, পি ডাব্লিউ ডি, রোডস্‌ অ্যান্ড হাইওয়েজ, রেলওয়ে, এয়ারপোর্ট, পানি উন্নয়ন বোর্ড, ওয়াসা, পাবলিক হেলথ ইঞ্জিনিয়ারিং, রিয়েল এস্টেট,সিটি কর্পোরেশন, কনস্ট্রাকশন ফার্ম, পৌরসভা, ভোকেশনাল ও পলিটেকনিক ইন্সটিটিউটসমূহে চাকুরীর সুবিধা।